Operators
Operators are special symbols used to perform operations on variables and values in Python. They help us perform calculations, comparisons, and logical decisions in a program.
Arithmetic Operators
These operators are used to perform mathematical operations.
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
+ | Addition | a + b |
- | Subtraction | a - b |
* | Multiplication | a * b |
/ | Division | a / b |
% | Modulus (remainder) | a % b |
** | Exponent (power) | a ** b |
// | Floor division | a // b |
a = 10
b = 3
print(a + b) # 13
print(a - b) # 7
print(a * b) # 30
print(a / b) # 3.33
print(a % b) # 1
print(a ** b) # 1000
print(a // b) # 3
Comparison Operators
These operators compare two values and return True or False.
| Operator | Meaning |
|---|---|
== | Equal to |
!= | Not equal to |
> | Greater than |
< | Less than |
>= | Greater than or equal to |
<= | Less than or equal to |
Example:
a = 10
b = 5
print(a == b) # False
print(a != b) # True
print(a > b) # True
print(a < b) # False
Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions.
| Operator | Meaning |
|---|---|
and | True if both conditions are true |
or | True if at least one condition is true |
not | Reverses the result |
Example:
a = 10
print(a > 5 and a < 20) # True
print(a > 15 or a < 20) # True
print(not(a > 5)) # False
Assignment Operators
These operators are used to assign values to variables.
| Operator | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
= | x = 5 | Assign value |
+= | x += 3 | x = x + 3 |
-= | x -= 2 | x = x – 2 |
*= | x *= 2 | x = x * 2 |
/= | x /= 2 | x = x / 2 |
Example:
x = 10
x += 5
print(x) # 15
x *= 2
print(x) # 30
